Grammar · beginner

Japanese ます Form — Polite Verb Conjugation for Beginners

Learn the ます (masu) form for polite Japanese verbs. Covers present, past, negative, and past negative with JLPT N5 verb examples.

The ます (masu) form is the backbone of polite Japanese. Every verb has a ます form used in formal and everyday polite conversation. The conjugation pattern is consistent: ます (present), ません (negative), ました (past), ませんでした (past negative). Start by memorizing common verbs in ます form before learning dictionary form.

Key Vocabulary

JapaneseRomajiMeaning
たべますtabemasueat (polite)
のみますnomimasudrink (polite)
いきますikimasugo (polite)
みますmimasusee / watch (polite)
しますshimasudo (polite)
きますkimasucome (polite)

Example Sentences

  • まいにち にほんご を べんきょう します
    mainichi nihongo wo benkyou shimasu
    I study Japanese every day
  • きのう えいが を みました
    kinou eiga wo mimashita
    I watched a movie yesterday
  • あした いきません
    ashita ikimasen
    I won't go tomorrow
  • コーヒー を のみます
    koohii wo nomimasu
    I drink coffee

Study Tips

  • 1ます = present/future positive (I do / I will do)
  • 2ません = present/future negative (I don't / I won't)
  • 3ました = past positive (I did)
  • 4ませんでした = past negative (I didn't)

Next Topic

Japanese Adjectives — い and な Adjective Guide for JLPT N5

Practice What You Learned

Take your learning further with interactive lessons, flashcards, and the SkillDojo 30-day study plan.

Start the 30-Day Course